Hey readers! We are covering the complete central processing unit in our previous blog. But the concept of registers is not clear. So in this article, you can read all about registers and type of registers on a computer.
Also, the term registers touched in the primary storage devices article in this blog. But that blog is not for registers topic so we can’t explain in detail. Also registers types can’t explain more there.
The main aim of this blog is to provide enough knowledge of computers and their components. So students and who want to get computer knowledge. They found everything about each topic in detail.
Learn more about computer ram.
Table of Contents
What is Registers?
If you read my previous blog post on the central processing unit. Then you can understand the working and function of the CPU.
Registers are temporary data storage devices. They work fast. Instruction has taken by users, stored, and transferred to the CPU. CPU uses these instructions to work further.
The size of registers is according to the processor. They are big enough to hold a large size of data. This means the 8-bit register holds 8-bit data and is further classified by its size.
Registers help the CPU to work fast. This means the CPU is working to receive and transfer data fast. For this registers help the CPU to do fast work.
The function of Computers Registers
The function of the register is to store and transfer the data. Computers Registers process that data entered by the Client. The data is process using three steps.
The first data is Fetch. The main data taken by the user. Registers fetch this data from the main memory.
Then registers decode these data to transfer from user to CPU.
After fetching and decoding of data. Registers will execute these raw and facts to make them meaningful.
These three steps to fetch, decode and execute data is use in the computer. To transfer safe data between user and CPU, these five steps are use.
Type of Registers in Computer
There are different types of general-purpose computers in the market. All these used on computers for some specific purposes. Some types use to store addresses and some are use to store data or instructions.
Registers have two main types. Further, each has more types that explain these two types more. This explanation is enough to attempt a question about the type of registers in computers. So students can’t miss reading this.
The computer registers have two main parts.
- Internal Registers
- User-accessible Registers
Internal Registers
Internal registers located inside the processor. Its functions can’t found by users outside. This type of register work to perform inside the processor.
Internal registers are also called processor registers. The work of internal registers to control instructions or data. CPU can do further processes after the working of internal registers.
Internal registers can’t hold data. It holds data for less than a second. There are three main types of internal registers.
- Memory data registers
- Memory address registers
- Instruction registers
Instruction Registers
Instructions are store in instruction registers. These instructions fetched from users. The size of data may be 8-bit or 16-bit or more.
Here are two things about the decoding data taken from users.
Instructions decoded in instruction registers then proceed next. Other is instructions are forward to the CPU where they can be decode and executed.
You can set both these things in your mind. So it can help you in your interview and exams.
Memory Data Registers
Data memory registers are two-way registers. It holds or stores data that is going from the memory and coming from the memory. We read memory as the main memory.
Memory data registers are also known as memory buffer registers. Buffer means overloaded. So data is buffer in memory so it can’t stop or control the processor.
The content of data that is store from memory, transferred to the accumulator. But, the content of instructions stored from memory, transferred to instruction registers.
Memory Address Registers
Memory address registers used to store the address of memory. This address saved during the execution phase. Also, save the location of data in memory.
CPU is using MAR to locate data in memory. If the CPU store or fetch data from memory it place data in memory address registers.
User-accessible Registers
The second and important type of register is a user-accessible register. In this type of register, more data is save than the internal register. This type of register is also called a general-purpose register.
General-purpose registers hold both data and addresses during operation. As compared to the internal register, it has large size memory. The operation performs and stores data is larger than the internal registers. Two types of external registers or user-accessible registers.
- Accumulator
- Program counter register
Accumulator Registers
Arithmetic and logic unit data stored in accumulator registers. The Control unit fetched data from the main memory. And store this data in accumulator registers.
The data size is 8-bit or 16-bit saved in accumulator registers. After the successful operation, data is transfer to memory using memory data registers. The accumulator is use by the CPU. It is a temporary storage location.
Program Counter Registers
One instruction is in process and the next is ready to process. Program counter registers are save the address or location of that next data. That will be ready to process. Program counter registers are also called instruction pointer registers.
The process of program counter registers maintains the right sequence. That continues the flow of instructions. Sometimes it called the instruction address registers.
Wrap Up Things
Registers and type of registers in the computer is the main topic of this blog post. All basic concepts and things are cover in this article.
First, you see the definition and introduction of registers. After that, we cover the function of registers in the CPU. Then the main thing, type of registers in computer. In types of CPU registers, every topic and type we cover in detail.
